Angelo Codevilla is an excellent choice as the American equivalent to Alexander Dugin, except it seems he lacked the influence within government for his ideas...if only more Republicans (including Trump) paid attention to what he was saying.
Of the other names you mentioned, Michel Houellebecq is the most interesting although its doubtful the Macron government pays attention to him.
I’m reading that Dugin was not that well-known domestically and while he & Putin may share love of Russian culture, support for Russian sovereignty, opposition to *woke*/child mutilation/global government/collectivism, it appears more synchronization that mentor/pupil. Perhaps 2 nationalists/traditionalists who speak to each other, likely as equals. GMTA sort of thing.
That’s a hot take, so I will read/listen to more of him to decide.