I’ve read for example that the arab armies that invaded egypt were actually mostly iranian.
“I’ve read for example that the Arab armies that invaded Egypt were actually mostly Iranian.”
If I recall correctly from the first edition, the Arab Satraps of the Persian Empire, kind of rose to prominence, to become dominant, due to a few historical occurrences.
Plagues (like the Plague of Justinian) crashed the economies of the Eastern Roman Empire and the Persian Empire, leaving a big power vacuum. Then there was a big gold discovery in Arabia.
The civilization was pretty much continuous, but the ruling elites swapped out, as new rich families took over.