The 1989 USA-USSR Joint Statement on the Uniform Interpretation of Rules of International Law Governing Innocent Passage confirms that:
All ships, including warships …, enjoy the right of innocent passage through the territorial sea in accordance with international law, for which neither prior notification nor authorization is required.
Not if it is a warship on an intelligence gathering mission, or if it is engaged in propaganda activity, or other purposes designed to provoke the country it is in the territorial waters of. Then it loses “innocent passage”. That’s right there in the treaty.
That was the openly stated purpose of this NATO patrol.