Every “Device” has a unique identification number from the manufacturer that can be traced to the initial sale and purchase through the info the net carrier, servers, and domains have collected.
If it is not a burn phone without any accounts set up, and if you have a contract or a warranty they have your name, address, email address, and bank account number.
It won’t be just IP address info they will get and take... Because much more is being collected than anyone realizes.
It's been a while but HTTP headers do not contain such information as a MAC address. USA today will not know anything like that. OTOH if they want to they can fingerprint your browser: http://www.chrismitchell.net/Papers/tltlcw.pdf There's more than just passive fingerprinting but that's good enough in many cases. If they want more they can run some javascript or other scripting.