The Fourteenth Amendment only further confirmed what was obvious enough before it.
"The states and all levels of government were always bound by the Bill of Rights.
The Fourteenth Amendment only further confirmed what was obvious enough before it."
With all due respect familyop, that’s not correct.
But you’re off the hook because schools probably don’t spend enough time teaching the history of the Constitution.
The congressional record indicates that the first significant case where the Supreme Court clarified that the BoR originally didn’t apply to the states is the eminent domain case of Barron v. Baltimore (Barron).
“The amendments [to the Constitution] contain no expression indicating an intention to apply them to the State governments. This court cannot so apply them.”—Justice John Marshall quoted in Congressional Globe, 1871. (See near the bottom of the top half of first column.)
"The Court ruled that the Bill of Rights did not apply to the state governments, establishing a precedent until the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.” —Concerning Barron v. Baltimore, 1833.
In the Barron case, John Barron wanted 5th Amendment compensation for his waterfront business property that the City of Baltimore indirectly damaged, the Court clarifying the limits of the BoR at that time.