> A PhD or Doctorate usually requires a B or A to pass, but not in the medical schools. <
But many PhD and Doctorate classes award only B’s or A’s. I had to take a PhD class in education once when I was in college (not my choice, long story).
The grade distributions were posted on a bulletin board. On each test - midterm and final - there was only one C. Everybody else got either an A or a B. And trust me, this was not a class of geniuses.
I guess the C student didn’t show up to take the tests. Or maybe he did show up but immediately fell asleep.
Without question, grade inflation is real. I’ve seen students get an A on a C paper just for turning some crap in on time.