“Nationalisms” in the modern Middle East will not ignore the legacy of the Ottomans, and will see Erdogan’s attempts at expanding his influence as attempts to achieve a new Turkish hegemony wherever possible. To some Turks it may seem as no more than Turkey trying to play a “major state” role in Middle East affairs. To many peoples across the Middle East it will not be received that way.
Tribes with flags, in the parlance of Nasser.