It’s been a while, but my sharp memory recalls that in very integrated schools, exactly ONE black student (a young woman named Bernadette) was in a math class, from 8th grade on. Are we to believe that this was because the school system did not allow minority students to take Algebra, etc.?
Public schools “oppress” minority children if they do not require them to master basic skills such as arithmetic before leaving elementary school, then mathematics at appropriate ages.
The “oppression” is the dumbing down of courses year after year after year to accommodate the most stupid students. This hits minorities the hardest and they can spend an entire year on something as simple as “one-half” and not master it. My sister has been teaching middle school math for almost 45 years and she has seen this up close.