Treasuries principal varies and would decline in a rising interest rate environment thus providing liquidity at a cost of principal loss. The interest might be risk free, not principal unless the holder waits until maturity. For liquidity the often used strategy employed would be a bond laddering approach.
Duration.
Pension funds and insurance companies time their investment so that they can redeem the bond at par.
When the bond matures, it is redeemed at par regardless of market conditions.