Agree on the bridge, there is no other option that could reduce traffic on the beltway and 270 anywhere near as much.
As for congestion relief, I believe that one of the more cost effective options is to advertise the MARC trains in the Frederic through Clarksburg area. Would get maximum effects within about 3 Months of choosing to spend the money, but also need to have low expectations for maximum congestion relief.
People in Gaithersburg who want to go to the airport can go to BWI, or take metrorail to Dulles or Reagan National.