The practice of a wife being immolated on the funeral pyre of her husband is the Hindu practice of “suttee.” A good explanation is given by Encyclopedia Britannica —
https://www.britannica.com/topic/suttee
The British finally outlawed it in 1829.
Why sati is still a burning issueLast week, 60-year-old Sharbati Bai attempted to commit sati on her husband's pyre in Rajasthan's Sikar district. She couldn't because the village and the police stopped her just in time.
Roop Kanwar, India's last known sati, was not so lucky 20 years ago. Has Rajasthan finally won the war against the practice of sati?
There have been 30 cases of sati or attempted sati over a 44-year period (19431987) in India, the official number being 28. A well-documented case from 1987 was that of 18-year-old Roop Kanwar. In response to this incident, additional legislation against sati practice was passed, first within the state of Rajasthan, then nationwide by the central government of India.