How WORN was the barrel.
I have a 116 year old Krag that has an almost pristine barrel (shoots real good) I have a 136 year old 1873 winchester with a horrible barrel from black powder/mercuric primers and missed cleanings. It shoots ok.
40 years is in and of itself meaningless.
A Ma Deuce barrel that is not abused will last a long time.
In VN, Hathcock used a new barrel with a scope mount on the weapon and zeroed like you would any other sniper rifle. I gather that he got hits at out to a mile pretty regularly so I'm told. He had the record for a long shot until sometime around 2007, maybe 2006.