The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), headed by the Commander of the Royal Canadian Navy, includes 28 warships and submarines deployed in two fleets: Maritime Forces Pacific (MARPAC) at CFB Esquimalt on the west coast, and Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT) at Her Majesty's Canadian Dockyard in Halifax on the east coast, as well as one formation: the Naval Reserve Headquarters (NAVRESHQ) at Quebec City, Quebec.
The RCAF is one of three environmental commands within the unified Canadian Armed Forces. As of 2013, operating 258 manned aircraft and 9 unmanned aerial vehicles, the Royal Canadian Air Force consists of 14,500 Regular Force and 2,600 Primary Reserve personnel, supported by 2,500 civilians.
The Canadian Army is the command responsible for the operational readiness of the conventional ground forces of the Canadian Armed Forces. As of 2018 the Army has 23,000 regular soldiers, about 17,000 reserve soldiers, including 5,000 rangers, for a total of 40,000 soldiers.
Canada has a population about a tenth of the US population. It spends 1.29% of its GDP on defense.
The Toronto Police Force is larger than the Canadian Army. A friend attended the Canadian Staff College. The entire course visited Ft. Hood and was taken on a tour of motor pool row (back when we had two armored divisions and one armored cavalry regiment garrisoned there). The bus was strangely silent as they made the drive with motor pool after motor pool all in a row.
The RCN consists of 11 outdated Frigates, the newest of which is 25 years old, and a dozen 20+ year old coastal defense patrol boats. Their 5 submarines are even more ancient with the youngest boat being 28 years old. Their navy is a laughingstock, and they would be completely dependent on us if attacked. Canada has not built a warship in 25 years, and is a perfect example of a country taking advantage of the security of NATO membership without paying the bills.