Check Brown vs. Board of Education as a “for instance”.
That wasn’t the court reviewing one of its old decisions. It came about as the result of a class action lawsuit that worked its way up through the lower courts. It did negate Plessy v. Ferguson but it wasn’t brought to the court as a direct challenge to that previous decision.
There is nothing in Brown vs. Board of Education that states that Plessy v. Ferguson is “overturned” nor is there any mechanism for a court decision to do that. It would more accurate to say that the more recent decision ‘overrides’ the previous one.