I only recently learned about Native Americans who were taken as slaves to Europe .
Interesting number...
The author states that 300,000 whites were brought to Virginia under some form of labor bondage.
From memory, most historians estimate that just 500,000 Africans were imported to North America before slave sales were halted, in 1808, again from memory.
I recently read a book review that claimed that 75% of the world’s population were slaves, serfs, or under labor bondage in 1800!
The vast majority of deaths from the West African slave trade came from the journey inland to the ports. East African slave trade was just as brutal.
Doesn’t justify European treatment of slaves, but ought to illuminate the facts that 1) human slavery was the historical norm and transcended cultures and races; and 2) without the American Founding having pronounced the principles of individual liberty and equality under God, slavery would have persisted much longer than it did/ does.
Not all of us have forgotten.
My fathers side of the the family was brought to America as indentured servants.
According to our family history the Welsh side (Welsh = criminal in England at the time) of our family was brought to this country to work the fields.
As it happened they took off for the West Virginia hills as soon as the overseer’s back was turned.
Most of them still live in Mingo County.
I've got Irish ancestors who were Royalists and who had their lands stolen by Cromwell. My guess is that they settled on the Eastern Shore of Maryland sometime after 1650- their unusual family name appears on some early land records, but there's no other record of them until they appear in North Carolina after the Revolution.
I don't know of any who arrived as indentured servants, but there's a lot of ancestors back in that colonial era that I know little about.