Part two of ??? parts history of our agreement where the Brits spied on our people and we spied on their people for 7+ decades. Unlike PRISM, the MUSCULAR program requires no (FISA or other type of) warrants.
“It couldn’t possibly be true, because that is not how our system works,” Pelosi said during a Christian Science Monitor breakfast in Washington.
“We do not investigate, through a FISA court, Americans — here or abroad.”
Well, Nancy how about this: Unlike PRISM, the MUSCULAR program requires no (FISA or other type of) warrants.
MUSCULAR (surveillance program)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
MUSCULAR (DS-200B), located in the United Kingdom,[1] is the name of a surveillance programme jointly operated by Britain’s Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) that was revealed by documents which were released by Edward Snowden and interviews with knowledgeable officials.[2] GCHQ is the primary operator of the program.[1]
GCHQ and the National Security Agency have secretly broken into the main communications links that connect the data centers of Yahoo! and Google.[3]Substantive information about the program was made public at the end of October 2013.
Contents:
1 Overview
2 Operational details
3 Reactions and countermeasures
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Overview:
The programme is jointly run by:
– Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) (United Kingdom)
– U.S. National Security Agency (NSA)
MUSCULAR is one of at least four other similar programs that rely on a trusted 2nd party, programs which together are known as WINDSTOP.
In a 30-day period from December 2012 to January 2013, MUSCULAR was responsible for collecting 181 million records. It was however dwarfed by another WINDSTOP program known (insofar) only by its code DS-300 and codename INCENSER, which collected over 14 billion records in the same period.[4]
Operational details:
According to the leaked document the NSA’s acquisitions directorate sends millions of records every day from internal Yahoo! and Google networks to data warehouses at the agency’s headquarters at Fort Meade, Maryland.
The programme operates via an access point known as DS-200B, which is outside the United States, and it relies on an unnamed telecommunications operator to provide secret access for the NSA and the GCHQ.[3]
According to the Washington Post, the MUSCULAR program collects more than twice as many data points (“selectors” in NSA jargon) compared to the better known PRISM.[2]
Unlike PRISM, the MUSCULAR program requires no (FISA or other type of) warrants.
Because of the huge amount of data involved, MUSCULAR has presented a special challenge to NSA’s Special Source Operations. For example, when Yahoo! decided to migrate a large amount of mailboxes between its data centers, the NSA’s PINWALE database (their primary analytical database for the Internet) was quickly overwhelmed with the data coming from MUSCULAR.[5]
Closely related programmes are called INCENSER and TURMOIL. TURMOIL, belonging to the NSA, is a system for processing the data collected from MUSCULAR.[1]
According to a post-it style note from the presentation, the exploitation relied on the fact that (at the time at least) data was transmitted unencrypted inside Google’s private cloud, with “Google Front End Servers” stripping and respectively adding back SSL from/to external connections.
According to the Washington Post: “Two engineers with close ties to Google exploded in profanity when they saw the drawing.” After the information about MUSCULAR was published by the press, Google announced that it was working on deploying encrypted communication between its datacenters.[2]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUSCULAR_(surveillance_program)
The GCHQ home page at www.gchq.gov.uk gives a bigger picture of their activities. Neither the NSA nor GCHQ have the resources or charter to monitor and analyze their entire populations. They have to be very selective and stick to their missions.