Generally, the statewide winner will get a larger share than their percentage. So, a 36% winner might get more than 36% of the delegates.
South Carolina, a proportional state, ended up being winner-take-all, because Trump won all the statewide delegates and he also won in every Congressional District, so he won the delegates apportioned that way, too. But that was very unusual.
Notably, in the near future, Florida and Ohio are winner take all. It's why there's such pressure on Rubio in Florida. It's not merely a matter of pride. If he finishes 2nd, even by 1 vote, he'll get no delegates from his home state. Same with Kasich in OH. If Trump takes both of those states, it's over. Even if he loses both he's probably still going to win.
Thank you so much for the very informative reply. Much appreciated!