“...I still don’t understand why everybody calls him Malcolm Ten...”
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He gave himself that name.
He adopted the last name of “X” in 1950
to represent his unknown african last name
and replace his ancestor’s slave-name of “Little”.
Back in the BBS days, one of my December taglines was, "Malcolm, the reason for the Xmas season." I don't think anyone got it, even back then.
IIRC, as the use of "X" spread, people with the same first name had to distinguish themselves, so that people started calling themselves "2X," "3X," etc. If that was the case, then the 10X guys could have been really sweet.