With Goering, Himmler, Jodl and Keitel alive I doubt the Army would have rallied to his cause. Even if they had, I doubt Stalin would have made peace, but would have kept right on gobbling up chunks of Eastern Europe.
It's curious Hitler was still using the Wolfschanze as the Red Army is nearing the East Prussia border.
I also believe it was a fool’s errand. The “it was all Hitler’s fault” blame game didn’t come out until the Nuremburg trials. From the perspective of the rest of the world in July 1944, the German General Staff and German officer corps are considered just as guilty as Hitler for starting this war. And the German troops have not made any friends wherever they’ve gone (except for those French girls getting the buzz cuts). There is way too much sentiment among the United Nations to destroy Germany so that she cannot and will not ever start another world war.
Had Hitler been killed, and the conspirators somehow managed to cobble together a government, nobody would have made peace with them. All it would have accomplished would have been the military collapse of Germany a few months earlier, maybe, due to collapse of morale of the armed forces. In war, once the apparent loser starts talking peace, the soldiers vote with their feet.