You are talking about non-corporate human beings referenced by the term "the people" in the original Constitution.
However, the bottom line of "One Stone, Two Powers: How Chief Justice Roberts Saved America" is that Obamacare references people acting in a corporate capacity, known as many things, among them, "individuals" or "persons" or "taxpayers."
The difference between these two classifications, and their relevant jurisdictions, is the "two (government) powers" referenced by Roberts: non-corporate, and corporate.
The 14th Amendment has inclusions which contradict the original Constitution. Therefore, under the rules of legal construction, the 14th Amendment must be thrown out, unless a *different* application can be found for it than the original Constitution. That different application is corporations. The application of corporate capacity being applied to individual human beings was created in the 14th Amendment (and enacted most famously in the Emancipation Proclamation. But it was also the defining reference in the 16th Amendment, too - which allowed the income tax to be later ruled as "not adding any new tax." Why? Because corporations were already taxed. And, through the 14th Amendment, people acting in corporate capacities were included in that same tax.
Obamacare therefore merely adds to that 16th Amendment corporate capacity tax, by including healthcare provisions. And since corporations have no rights, literally anything can be added or subtracted to their privileges or lack thereof. Privilege means slavery - it means whatever is granted is at the pleasure of, and for the benefit of, the government - not the corporation. And that is what has been applied to the people without their understanding it.
Of course, the fact that they are not told it is being done has helped the mystery stay mysterious.
With all due respect Talisker, Justice John Marshall wasn't talking about people or corporations when he officially clarified that Congress is prohibited from laying taxes in the name of state power issues, essentially any issue which Congress cannot justify under its constitutional Article I, Section 8-limited powers.
In fact, the states have always had the 10th Amendment-protected power to lay taxes for public healthcare purposes, depending on what the legal majority voters in a given state want.
As a side note to your mention of the Emancipation Proclomation, please consider the following. While I agree in principle with Lincoln's proclomation, it is regarded as an executive order. But the problem with executive orders is the following.
The Founding States had made the first numbered clauses in the Constitution, Sections 1-3 of Article I, evidently a good place to hide them from "leaders" like Lincoln (and Obama), to clarify that all federal legislative powers are vested in the elected members of Congress, not in the executive or judicial branches of government.
In fact, the Supreme Court had clarified in Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. v. Sawyer, 1952, that executive orders don't have the force of law unless they are legislatively supported by Congress. And since Lincoln signed his Emancipation Proclamation at least two years before the Civil War ended (corrections welcome), I can assure you that Lincoln did not have Congress's legislative support.