it was never ‘given’. Under the Homestead Act of 1862 the land was sold for up to $1.25 an acre, with a quarter-section minimum, with the condition it be lived on for five years and ‘improved’ after which time title could be applied for. If the person paid full price of $1.25 an acre, they could apply after six months. Union soldiers were given preferential treatment. Confederate soldiers need not apply, but family members “who had never borne arms against the US Government” could apply.
http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/homestead-act/
Interesting back story details thanks.
But still who sold it to them and to sell it who has to own it ?