Sounds like Ex Post Facto law to me.
So first understand that the land belongs to the US Government. People were grazing on federal lands without the government’s permission before the creation of the Taylor Grazing act (1934). At that time, Congress decided to start charging a fee for grazing on their land. In that law, they created the Department of Interior Grazing Office for the charging of fees to graze on US Government lands. This office was later rolled into the BLM.
It is government land, the Congress has exclusive legislative authority over that land per Article 1 section 8 of the constitution, and they decided to start charging fees and for a while, Bundy was paying those fees.