Judging by condition of bullets that hit nearly anything, the only thing you can conclude from that bullet is what caliber it was, more or less. If there is some intact surface that touched the barrel then perhaps one can look for scratches that are made by that individual barrel. But the casing is designed to release a bullet without much fuss. Many .22LR bullets can be pulled out of the casing just with fingers, and there is precious little contact surface that was ever shared by the brass and the lead.
.22LR uses a bullet with a heel, so it’s probably not the best example.