Sometime between then and now...LBJ happened.
I can’t find it now, but I once read a fascinating article about the employment rate, single mother rate, incarceration rate of the black population before and after the ‘War on Poverty’. It was stunning.
Anyway, we are three generations into this now, and the ‘Don’t be a sucker’ mentality has definitely set in. There are notable exceptions of course...but the people who are these exceptions have to overcome great peer pressure from their own families and friends, before they can go out and achieve.