“Section 1311(d)(4)(H) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act creates a religious exemption only for people who are covered by Internal Revenue Code section 1402(g)(1). That section, in turn, creates an exemption to paying Social Security taxes for certain narrowly-defined religious communities. The only religious communities that have ever won exemptions from paying Social Security Taxes under section 1402(g)(1) are the Old-Order Amish and the Mennonites”
does that mean that Old Order Amish and Mennonites cannot collect social security since they have never paid into it?
Yes, but it's actually the other way around: the whole point of the religious exemption is that the Old Order Amish and the Mennonites never claim Social Security, because their religion requires them to take care of any old people in their community. Because they never claim benefits, Congress allowed them not to pay in. But if any member of one of those faiths tried to collect, they couldn't, because they never paid in.