I don't know how it works in the Government, but my company credit card is like that, only when I fill out an expense report any claims that are billed to the credit card are paid directly to the issuer and credited to my account. The company has access to the records on this credit card, and I agree to only use it for business expenses. All meals, airline and hotel expenses *must* be billed to the credit card. The credit card is linked electronically to our travel expense reporting system, which is a great simplification. It makes sense, and is actually results in less paperwork, and *lower* costs. I much prefer it to the old way of getting cash advances and keeping envelops full of receipts.
Sounds like someone at your company has some business snap. Good for them.
When I worked in the Corporate world and traveled every week we were allowed to get an advance. Expense reports had to be turned in within three days after you returned from a trip along with a report covering your reason for the trip, things to be accomplished and results.
No report and the amount of the advance was deducted from your next paycheck.