[Publius]

Senators cannot be recalled, or impeached/removed by their state legislatures. It's true that some state constitutions permit such things, but the US Constitution trumps state constitutions via Article VI. Both federal courts (1967) and state courts (2013) have recognized this via litigation and case law.

Likewise, states cannot place term limits on senators or congressmen, as litigated decades ago in federal court.

Bottom line: no recall, no impeachment, either by voters or state legislatures. A senator can be removed by failure to re-elect, resignation, death, or expulsion by two-thirds of the Senate, but by no other means.

[AuH2ORepublican]

I am well aware of that; I merely was responding to the prior post, which proposed amending the U.S. Constitution to permit recalls by stte legislatures.