I have worked with patients who have vestibular disorders, and patients who have vertigo where no vestibular malfunction was found. Some, the scar tissue from spinal surgery appeared to be the cause.
Really unusual thing I found was that people who lost someone close to them through death while there was unresolved conflict between them, there was a higher incidence of vertigo.
BTW any surgery can trigger Anxiety Disorders due to being put under. It can be short term or permanent. Vestibular or optic/auditory triggered anxiety disorder is not a traumatic not phobic induced disorder. It is a secondary condition to the physical or neurological primary one. That is why antidepressants often fail in treating this. It can make it worse.
Not every Vestibular patient is an anxiety patient. Not every Vestibular Disorder patient with anxiety disorder will have long term anxiety. From what I've read most cases cure themselves in about six months as the Vestibular issue clears up. These persons seem to be more prone to it because anxiety is produced by the damaged sensory processing system. The brain is being over tasked. That in turn can create the classic where am I, what am I doing, how did I get here, etc type of attack.
The possibility for full recovery seems to hinge on whether the Vestibular issue is short or long term issue. IOW the Vestibular issue clears up the anxiety goes away. Or in my case the more hearing I loose {confirmed by audiologist test} the fewer attacks I have auditory triggered if I have my hearing aids out.