Usually called serial monogamy when applied to other religions.
The term is "Time and eternity". There are two types of marriages, "Time" and "Time and Eternity". A marriage for time is this life only. I believe that is what you would get after a divorce.
AFAIK, the only time when there is polygamy is when a wife dies, and the widower marries again in the Temple, he would have two wives in the afterlife. (A wife who loses a husband, can only marry again for "Time" not eternity.) There was some controversy regarding that fact is how I know about it.
A marriage for time is this life only. I believe that is what you would get after a divorce. AFAIK, the only time when there is polygamy is when a wife dies, and the widower marries again in the Temple, he would have two wives in the afterlife.
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You are correct the proper term is For time and all eternity, however men can marry in the temple again after a divorce. I know several Mormon men who have done so, while the first wives must ask permission from the first husband in a divorce if they want the ‘seals’ broken and to remarry in the temple for time and eternity. Both in the cases of death and divorce, polygamy is the end result unless some of the marriages are for ‘time’ only or the previous marriage has had the ‘sealing’ broken.