Not much of a debate. We have three distinct branches of government so as to limit the power of any one branch. Our Constitution is explicit:
Executive - executes laws
Legislative - makes laws (they were also intended to be the most powerful branch yet slow and lumbering so as to protect liberty)
Judical - decides if laws are Constitutional or not
The executive has no authority to make laws.
The legislative cannot delegate its authority to the Executive.
So where did the Supreme Court fall down when it ruled that as long as Congress’ intent can be discerned in any court case involving the agency’s action, the agency’s action is permissible?
I’ve never heard of a “judical” [sic] branch.
No. The judiciary's primary role is not to decide if laws are Constitutional or not. It is to decide individual cases that come before them according to the Constitution and the laws.