I have been "exercising the mind," so to speak, on how to bring true accountability to those that cause these problems and use government force to do damage to the individual. We have a means of recompense through the legal system (I know but it's all we have) so would it be possible to directly sue congressmen for damages such as being forced into defacto exile or being bankrupted by overzealous taxing authorities. I don't think it would be likely to directly sue any elected official because you get into the problem of making any controversial vote becoming nothing more than lawyer bait on both sides (Although I'd love to see Frank & Dodd on the stand having to justify their power to force banks into bad business practices.) Perhaps the individual agents of the government could be directly sued though. Should the local IRS office send one of their minions around to a the clients of a business and tell them they had better not do business with them because there is an investigation coming and they don't want to be involved, then, that particular agent could be sued for damages and quite possibly the chain of command in that IRS office as well.
This is something that would need a better legal mind than mine to work out the details but it would at least bring accountability to the insulated bureaucrats we have now.
What you suggest is possible and I believe it is referred to as a "Bivens Action". I don't know how probable a favorable outcome generally is in these cases, but federal agents have been sued for individual culpability in Unconstitutional actions. It may be worth a look for some legal types. I have just lost a lot of faith in the judicial system in this country in recent years. Ideology often seems to trump any concept of justice, and corruption is quite common.