“What moral beliefs is he allowed to want reflected in the civil code, and what moral beliefs are excluded?”
An example would be church attendance, or maybe fasting for lent, or maybe women working outside the home. He might have sincere and theologically correct positions on those issues,,, but i believe he would be morally wrong to try to codify them into civil law. Thats not for him to IMPOSE on those outside his flock.
OTOH, When there is a violation of a persons individual rights, such as murder or theft, we write a law.
Your only defense is to become a theocrat or collectivist. That church should rule temporally, or that the collective is the most important unit of rights. (the same argument the anti-gun crowd uses to attack the 2nd amendment)
‘OTOH, When there is a violation of a persons individual rights, such as murder or theft, we write a law.”
But then we must decide what a person’s individual rights are.
Do I have the right to be in the public square without being literally forced to look at naked people?
I say I do.