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Symptoms
By Mayo Clinic staff
It may be tough at times to recognize the difference between a strong-willed or emotional child and one with oppositional defiant disorder. Certainly there’s a range between the usual independence-seeking behavior of children and oppositional defiant disorder. It’s normal to exhibit oppositional behaviors at certain stages of a child’s development.
However, your child’s issue may be ODD if your child’s oppositional behaviors:
Are persistent
Have lasted at least six months
Are clearly disruptive to the family and home or school environment
The following are behaviors associated with ODD:
Negativity
Defiance
Disobedience
Hostility directed toward authority figures
These behaviors might cause your child to regularly and consistently show these signs and symptoms:
Temper tantrums
Argumentativeness with adults
Refusal to comply with adult requests or rules
Deliberate annoyance of other people
Blaming others for mistakes or misbehavior
Acting touchy and easily annoyed
Anger and resentment
Spiteful or vindictive behavior
Aggressiveness toward peers
Difficulty maintaining friendships
Academic problems
Related mental health issues
Oppositional defiant disorder often occurs along with other behavioral or mental health problems such as:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Anxiety
Depression
The symptoms of ODD may be difficult to distinguish from those of other behavioral or mental health problems.
It’s important to diagnose and treat any co-occurring illnesses because they can create or worsen irritability and defiance if left untreated. Additionally, it’s important to identify and treat any related substance abuse and dependence. Substance abuse and dependence in children or adolescents is often associated with irritability and changes in the child’s or adolescent’s usual personality.
When to see a doctor
If you’re concerned about your child’s behavior or your own ability to parent a challenging child, seek help from your doctor, a child psychologist or child behavioral expert. Your primary care doctor or your child’s pediatrician can refer you to someone.
The earlier this disorder can be managed, the better the chances of reversing its effects on your child and your family. Treatment can help restore your child’s self-esteem and rebuild a positive relationship between you and your child. Your child’s relationships with other important adults in his or her life — such as teachers, clergy and care providers — also will benefit from early treatment.