Proposal and ratification
The United States Congress proposed the Fourteenth Amendment on June 13, 1866, and, by July 9, 1868, three-fourths of the states (28 of 37) had ratified the amendment:
Connecticut (June 25, 1866)
New Hampshire (July 6, 1866)
Tennessee (July 19, 1866)
New Jersey (September 11, 1866)*
Oregon (September 19, 1866)
Vermont (October 30, 1866)
Ohio (January 4, 1867)*
New York (January 10, 1867)
Kansas (January 11, 1867)
Illinois (January 15, 1867)
West Virginia (January 16, 1867)
Michigan (January 16, 1867)
Minnesota (January 16, 1867)
Maine (January 19, 1867)
Nevada (January 22, 1867)
Indiana (January 23, 1867)
Missouri (January 25, 1867)
Rhode Island (February 7, 1867)
Wisconsin (February 7, 1867)
Pennsylvania (February 12, 1867)
Massachusetts (March 20, 1867)
Nebraska (June 15, 1867)
Iowa (March 16, 1868)
Arkansas (April 6, 1868)
Florida (June 9, 1868)
North Carolina (July 4, 1868, after having rejected it on December 14, 1866)
Louisiana (July 9, 1868, after having rejected it on February 6, 1867)
South Carolina (July 9, 1868, after having rejected it on December 20, 1866)
*Ohio passed a resolution that purported to withdraw its ratification on January 15, 1868. The New Jersey legislature also tried to rescind its ratification on February 20, 1868. The New Jersey governor had vetoed his state’s withdrawal on March 5, and the legislature overrode the veto on March 24. Accordingly, on July 20, 1868, Secretary of State William H. Seward certified that the amendment had become part of the Constitution if the rescissions were ineffective. The Congress responded on the following day, declaring that the amendment was part of the Constitution and ordering Seward to promulgate the amendment.
Meanwhile, two additional states had ratified the amendment:
Alabama (July 13, 1868, the date the ratification was “approved” by the governor)
Georgia (July 21, 1868, after having rejected it on November 9, 1866)
Thus, on July 28, Seward was able to certify unconditionally that the amendment was part of the Constitution without having to endorse the Congress’s assertion that the withdrawals were ineffective.
There were additional ratifications and rescissions; by 2003, the amendment had been ratified by all of the 37 states that were in the Union in 1868:
Virginia (October 8, 1869, after having rejected it on January 9, 1867)
Mississippi (January 17, 1870)
Texas (February 18, 1870, after having rejected it on October 27, 1866)
Delaware (February 12, 1901, after having rejected it on February 7, 1867)
Maryland (1959)
California (1959)
Oregon (1973, after withdrawing it on October 15, 1868)
Kentucky (1976, after having rejected it on January 8, 1867)
New Jersey (2003, after having rescinded it on February 20, 1868)
Ohio (2003, after having rescinded on January 15, 1868)
Corporate personhood
1886 Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad
[edit] Privileges or immunities
1868 Crandall v. Nevada
1873 Slaughter-House Cases
1908 Twining v. New Jersey
1920 United States v. Wheeler
1948 Oyama v. California
1999 Saenz v. Roe
Procedural due process/Incorporation
1833 Barron v. Baltimore
1873 Slaughter-House Cases
1883 Civil Rights Cases
1884 Hurtado v. California
1897 Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad v. Chicago
1900 Maxwell v. Dow
1908 Twining v. New Jersey
1925 Gitlow v. New York
1932 Powell v. Alabama
1934 Snyder v. Massachusetts
1937 Palko v. Connecticut
1947 Adamson v. California
1952 Rochin v. California
1961 Mapp v. Ohio
1962 Robinson v. California
1963 Gideon v. Wainwright
1964 Malloy v. Hogan
1966 Miranda v. Arizona
1967 Reitman v. Mulkey
1968 Duncan v. Louisiana
1969 Benton v. Maryland
1970 Goldberg v. Kelly
1972 Furman v. Georgia
1974 Goss v. Lopez
1975 O’Connor v. Donaldson
1976 Gregg v. Georgia
2010 McDonald v. Chicago
Substantive due process
1876 Munn v. Illinois
1887 Mugler v. Kansas
1897 Allgeyer v. Louisiana
1905 Lochner v. New York
1908 Muller v. Oregon
1923 Adkins v. Children’s Hospital
1923 Meyer v. Nebraska
1925 Pierce v. Society of Sisters
1937 West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish
1973 Roe v. Wade
1992 - Planned Parenthood v. Casey
1996 BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore
2003 Lawrence v. Texas
Equal protection
1880 Strauder v. West Virginia
1886 Yick Wo v. Hopkins
1896 Plessy v. Ferguson
1908 Berea College v. Kentucky
1917 Buchanan v. Warley
1942 Skinner v. Oklahoma
1944 Korematsu v. United States
1948 Shelley v. Kraemer
1954 Hernandez v. Texas
1954 Brown v. Board of Education
1962 Baker v. Carr
1965 Griswold v. Connecticut
1967 Loving v. Virginia
1976 Examining Board v. Flores de Otero
1978 Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
1982 Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan
1986 Posadas de Puerto Rico Associates v. Tourism Company of Puerto Rico
1996 United States v. Virginia
1996 Romer v. Evans
2000 Bush v. Gore
Apportionment of Representatives
1974 Richardson v. Ramirez
[edit] Power of enforcement
1883 Civil Rights Cases
1966 Katzenbach v. Morgan
1997 City of Boerne v. Flores
2000 United States v. Morrison
2001 Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett
2003 Nevada Department of Human Resources v. Hibbs
2004 Tennessee v. Lane
Yo, jamse777, Arianna is calling you back to huffopoooop, she wants to do to you what she did to her ex...
You write there were 37 states at the time of the proposed 14th Amendment.
37 states make 74 Senators...however the vote in the Senate was 33 yeas and 11 nays.
What happened to the other members of the Senate?