The Japan bar chart is harder to understand. They are the #1 or #2 holder of our debt yet they appear to have the greater mational debt per GDP . GDP includes government deficit spending BTW, so it’s not a great indicator.
This deficit debt commission was set up to defend democrat’s spending and raise revenues for it.
Most of Japan’s debts are held by their own citizens ( close to 90% I think ). A significant portion of American debt on the other hand, is held by foreigners ( China and Japan being the largest holders ).