That's just it though.
National citizenship MUST emanate from that of the State because it was the States that created the federal government.
The Constitution denotes To make us all federal citizens WITHOUT the prior existence of State citizenship makes us 'subjects' of the federal government. When is the last time you heard the feds acknowledge State citizenship?
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I do believe that the "voluntary" notion of taxation has to do with the idea that the activity that results in taxation, work for example, is voluntary.
No, you have a right to work. Texas is still a 'right to work' State.
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The Founders referred to it as 'the wages of labor'......words which appear nowhere in the Constitution.
I don't know if you're familiar with Joseph Story. He was a Justice and wrote the third Commentaries on the Constitution in 1833. Although this excerpt concerns the commerce clause, the underlined items were NOT considered to be under the scope of the general government.
But that is not the point in controversy. It is, whether congress has a right to regulate that, which is not committed to it, under a power, which is committed to it, simply because there is, or may be an intimate connexion between the powers. If this were admitted, the enumeration of the powers of congress would be wholly unnecessary and nugatory. Agriculture, colonies, capital, machinery, the wages of labour, the profits of stock, the rents of land, the punctual performance of contracts, and the diffusion of knowledge would all be within the scope of the power; for all of them bear an intimate relation to commerce. The result would be, that the powers of congress would embrace the widest extent of legislative functions, to the utter demolition of all constitutional boundaries between the state and national governments. When duties are laid, not for purposes of revenue, but of retaliation and restriction, to countervail foreign restrictions, they are strictly within the scope of the power, as a regulation of commerce. But when laid to encourage manufactures, they have nothing to do with it. The power to regulate manufactures is no more confided to congress, than the power to interfere with the systems of education, the poor laws, or the road laws of the states.
Joseph Story,Commentaries on the Constitution
The Constitution denotes To make us all federal citizens WITHOUT the prior existence of State citizenship makes us 'subjects' of the federal government. When is the last time you heard the feds acknowledge State citizenship?
Here's what Joseph Story says about that:
Thus the laws of a single state were preposterously rendered paramount to the laws of all the others, even within their own jurisdiction. And it has been remarked with equal truth and justice, that it was owing to mere casualty, that the exercise of this power under the confederation did not involve the Union in the most serious embarrassments. There is great wisdom, therefore, in confiding to the national government the power to establish a uniform rule of naturalization throughout the United States. It is of the deepest interest to the whole Union to know, who are entitled to enjoy the rights of citizens in each state, since they thereby, in effect, become entitled to the rights of citizens in all the states. If aliens might be admitted indiscriminately to enjoy all the rights of citizens at the will of a single state, the Union might itself be endangered by an influx of foreigners, hostile to its institutions, ignorant of its powers, and incapable of a due estimate of its privileges.
§ 1099. It follows, from the very nature of the power, that to be useful, it must be exclusive; for a concurrent power in the states would bring back all the evils and embarrassments, which the uniform rule of the constitution was designed to remedy.
The states created the federal government, and once the federal government was created the relationship between the federal government, the states, and the people changed. We are citizens of the United States and residents of the state in which we reside.
No, you have a right to work. Texas is still a 'right to work' State.
So is California. Having the right to work does not change the fact that working for pay is still a choice, one may exercise that right or not.