[Alamo-Girl]

I have spoken of final cause as a kind of "pull from the future." Another way to put it — and Rosen makes this very clear with his relational diagrams (which explore the causal organizational structure of complex, that is living systems) — a final cause is a supervening cause, in that it correlates and duly integrates in time the other three Aristotelian causes. It "closes the causal loop" — and you can't get to the idea of biological function if you can't do that.

Precisely so! Biological functions make no sense without entailing final cause.

Thank you so very much for your wonderful insights, dearest sister in Christ!

[betty boop]

Biological functions make no sense without entailing final cause.

Just thought this bears repeating!

Beautifully said, dearest sister in Christ!