Afganistan will never have a strong central government and the people really resent large numbers of foreign troops in their country.
Russia pulled out all of the stops in the 80’s including the use of nerve gas, massive numbers of troops couldn’t prop up the communist regime. I’ve met a former Soviet Colonel who lost a leg there and heard some real horror stories.
I still think we’re better off with a fairly large number of special ops, target Taliban commanders and any of the warlords supporting them. Make a few examples. After the Daniel Berg beheading one of the warlords on our side had something like a hundred Taliban executed and had thier heads set on poles to set an example.
Afgans are a proud people and their loyalties are to the clan/tribe etc before any central government.
The problem with being clannish or having a system based on tribalism is that it never accomplsihes anything of value and it keeps the general population steeped in poverty and hopelessness. A strong representative central government and a constitution can accomplish great things for its people. That is the lesson that must be taught. The people can only attain various levels of prosperity if they adopt a more free but representative government.