There cannot be “state primacy” in any state that takes Federal money that can be cut off. Montana may be able to refuse Federal money but I can’t see any other state even talking about doing that. Free money from Washington is the irresistible love potion, even when that free money costs two dollars to be spent by the State and local governments for every dollar from Washington on projects that were unwanted in the first place.
Then, the states can simply cut the Fed off from the tax monies collected within their borders. Nothing to stop them from doing that. Quid pro quo and all that.