It should also be noted that, throughout Federalist 42, Madison repeatedly used the word “privileges” interchangeably with the word “rights.”
http://www.constitution.org/fed/federa42.htm
The Powers Conferred by the Constitution Further Considered
I am not sure I get your point. How does that dicussion of federal power affect my initial point wrt to the Second?
The Federalist was written prior to the Bill of Rights and does not reference it.