I apologize.. it was Galileo that was put under house arrest for developing and understanding the math of a solar system versus an Earth-centric system.
Da Vinci never really came out "against" the church but hid some of his scientific findings so that they wouldn't conflict with RC teaching.
I'm sorry that I made the error.
I actually find that the Church was a force for good and advancement of the Western Civilization, however some of the men in charge were typical bureaucrats and possessed some of the failings of current politicians and clergy. Vice knows no single generation or era.