Whether or not it was a good idea, the 14th Amendment exists, and was duly passed by the process the Constitution described, which was something envisioned by the framers.
No, it wasn't, no it doesn't, and it was nothing envisioned by the Framers since it attempt to turn the entire Compact inside out and give the federal government total control over the People.
Here is a paper by Judge L.H. Perez explaining why the 14th Amendment is unconstitutional.
Congress has the authority to regulate immigration, but it has NO authority to create citizenship.
In Joseph Story, Commentaries on the Constitution, he describes the people residing in the areas of exclusive jurisdiction and legislation.
§ 1218. The inhabitants enjoy all their civil, religious, and political rights. They live substantially under the same laws, as at the time of the cession, such changes only having been made, as have been devised, and sought by themselves. They are not indeed citizens of any state, entitled to the privileges of such; but they are citizens of the United States. They have no immediate representatives in congress.
IMHO, unless and until the People understand that those of us outside the areas of exclusivity enumerated in the Constitution are STATE citizens, not 'US' citizens, we and our children will have only privileges, not rights.