I’m trying to figure out whether this was true in the pre-60’s era. For instance 1920 -1960 , what was the racial vote, I can’t come up with it this morning on Google for some reason ( lack of diligence probably)
People here often point out that blacks voted overwhelmingly Republican until the New Deal (some claim until the Sixties, but that's not true). But during that era there was no true leftist party in America and the GOP got the black vote by default. During Reconstruction, the black vote was largely controlled by the occupying forces. After Reconstruction, the revived Democrats in Dixie took an overtly anti-black position. The only real choices blacks had were the anti-black Dems and the Northern business oriented Republicans, and they supported the latter.
People today project backward, often acting as if the Dems back in 1915 were just like the Howard Deans or Nancy Pelosis of today, except they were white supremacists on racial issues. But that's not true. Both parties back then had a mix of liberal and conservative members. The GOP in many states was very liberal, even more so than the Democrats (Wisconsin, for example). Many Dems were firebrand conservatives. By the early twentieth century the black vote had been suppressed by the Dems in the South (where most blacks resided). Blacks outside the South still voted, and largely voted Republican because there wasn't really that big of a difference between the parties on economic issues. There was no national welfare state as of yet. The GOP treated blacks fairly for the most part, while the Dems despised them. Given that breakdown, blacks voted Republican.
In 1933 FDR took office and initiated the New Deal, the first real national welfare state. Blacks switched their allegiance almost overnight. Even though the Dems in the South were still hostile to them and didn't let them vote, those in the North became enamored with the Democrats. In the 1934 congressional elections, Congressman Oscar de Priest, a black Republican who represented Chicago's south side, was defeated by black Democrat Arthur Mitchell. No black district has sent a Republican to Congress since.
Non-Southern Dems saw this propensity for blacks to vote for socialism and immediately began pushing for bills to abolish the poll tax, combat lynching, and other such racial proposals aimed at winning the black vote. People here often erroneously claim that “Republicans” pushed those bills and “Democrats” opposed them, but that's not totally accurate. The bill to ban lynching, for example, was sponsored by New Deal Democrat Senator Wagner of New York. In the House it was drafted by Congressman Gavagan, a machine Democrat from Chicago. Most Republicans did support these bills, but they had no power to bring them to the floor in an overwhelmingly Democrat Congress. Southern Democrats opposed them and usually killed them with a filibuster, but almost every Democrat outside the South supported those proposals.
Republicans still could get about a third of the black vote in presidential elections if they put up a candidate who wasn't all that conservative (Eisenhower), but that was about the best they could hope for. If they put up a conservative, the black vote dropped to almost nothing for the GOP. Locally, the Dems thoroughly dominated the black vote.
Once the Great Society came along in the Sixties, and the black vote became radicalized, it was all over for the GOP and the black vote. We've only gotten about 10% of the black vote since then. Even in states like Michigan where GOP Governor Romney fell all over himself courting the black vote, the black voters flooded into the Democrat Party and turned Detroit into a leftist Democrat one-party fiefdom. In the South, where the remaining racist Dems stood in the schoolhouse door and fought until the very end to keep blacks from voting, the blacks rushed to city hall to register as Dems the moment the feds arrived to register them.
We get about 10% of the black vote, and that includes some wonderful conservatives such as Michael Steele and Herman Cain. We should continue to reach out to blacks on conservative issues that might appeal to them. But the idea that we can win the majority of the black vote is a pipe dream. And pandering won't work because all that does is turn off white voters while not picking up any black votes, because the Dems will simply outpander the GOP every time.
The tactic of “reminding” blacks of the Dems’ racist past, which seems to be a favorite here at FR, is absolutely doomed to failure.