I’m not sure if ethanol (ethyl alcohol) does any damage to metal directly, but secondary damage from debris created by the reaction of ethanol with plastic and rubber components of the car, is most likely the culprit.
Automobile technology has had the advantage of decades of research to perfect the systems necessary for standard petrol / gasoline. Ethanol is relatively very new, as an automobile fuel.
You’re wrong - Jimmuh Carter’s “Gasahol” wrecked tens of thousands of car engines. and the current 10% is doing the same thing all over again.
I know methanol will eat/dissolve rubber, e.g. the tip of carb. needle, diaphragms, but not sure about ethanol.
I took my wife’s car in for servicing and my mechanic showed me a car that was brought in because the gas could not get into the tank. Then he showed me why. Ethanol had hardened into huge chunks and blocked the gas tank.