I suspect there are hundreds of patents. Effectiveness is not a requirement of getting a patent.
I never believed any of the B.S. of oil companies keeping patents off the market that would greatly improve mpg. Patents would have little meaning to places like Russia or China.
Besides, a 100 mpg car of decent size and performance would guarantee oil's dominance as the fuel of choice for transportation and knock away all attempts at alternative fuels.
I agree with your take on Russia and China.