This is similar to my thoughts on the matter. One thing this would do is to destroy the idea that the US is a democracy. In fact, until 1913, with passage of the Seventeenth Amendment to the Constitution, Senators were elected by the state legislatures. And of course, the President is not elected by popular vote,
Many years ago, a conservative thinker (and millionaire, whose name I have forgotten) recommended citizens get an extra vote for every million dollars of their net worth. That would give more electoral weight to property holders. In addition, taking an idea from RA Heinlein, I would give one extra vote for each two years of active duty military service. For each of these, I would give a maximum of ten extra votes.
To summarize:
Every citizen gets 1 vote.
A citizen with 20 years active duty military service gets 11 votes.
A citizen with $10 million of net worth gets 11 votes.
A citizen with 20 years active duty military service and $10 million of net worth gets 21 votes.
As you suggest, these would not be direct votes for candidates, but votes for electors who would then elect the office holders.
I have a problem with “every citizen gets one vote”. Nobody should get a vote if they’re receiving government handouts of any kind. We urgently need to put an end to people voting themselves goodies from the public treasury, i.e. from other people’s pockets. Trouble is, about 99% of the US population either currently is receiving, or expects to be receive in the future, some kind of government handout.