The Officer must say the magic words.
“You are under arrest!”
Which happens after your turn around and put your hands behind your back, and after the cuffs are on.
They paid $40,000 because they knew they’d lose in court.
They knew they’d lose in court because the officer was in the WRONG! If the officers attack on the motorist were defensible they’d defend it.
Goodbye, urblind2, and Godbless.
I’ll say no more about it, except if you’re LEO I hope to make $40,000 off of you someday.