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History Staff
Center for the Study of Intelligence
Central Intelligence Agency
1999
On the Front Lines of the Cold War:
Documents on the Intelligence
War in Berlin, 1946 to 1961

Edited by Donald P. Steury

Table of Contents

Preface

Introduction

I: The Opening of the Intelligence War

I-1: Damage to Berlin, 16 December 1943

I-2: Report on Berlin Operatins Base, 8 April 1948

I-3: Intelligence Disseminations of War Department Detachment, APO 403; 24 October 1946

I-4: Targets of German Mission, 10 January 1947

I-5: Points for [DCI Vandenburg’s] Discussion with General Clay, 16 January 1947

I-6: Utilization of the Mass of Soviet Refugees, 19 April 1948

I-7: Instructions [for Gen. Lucien K. Truscott], 9 March 1951

I-8: Minutes of a Staff Conference in Munich, 26 October 1951

I-9: SMERSH Department of the Soviet Central Kommandatura, Berlin-Luisenstrasse, 19 December 1946

I-10: Reorganization of the RIS [Russian Intelligence Services] in Germany, 11 September 1947

I-11: Memorandum [concerning Gen. Leonid A. Malinin] for the Director, Central Intelligence, circa December 1947

II: The March Crisis and the Berlin Airlift

II-1: Memorandum for Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, General of the Army Omar Bradley, 31 July 1947

II-2: Memorandum for the President, 16 March 1948

II-3: ORE 22-48: Possibility of Direct Soviet Military Action During 1948, 2 April 1948

II-4: ORE 22-48: Addendum: Possibility of Direct Soviet Military Action During 1948-49, 16 September 1948

II-5: ORE 46-49: The Possibility of Direct Soviet Military Action During 1949, 3 May 1949

II-6: ORE 29-48: Possible Program of Future Soviet Moves in Germany, 28 April 1948

II-7: Memorandum for the President, 9 June 1948

II-8: ORE 41-48: Effect of Soviet Restrictions on the US Position in Berlin, 14 June 1948

II-9: CIA Memorandum for the Secretary of Defense, Subject: Situation in Berlin, 28 June 1948

II-10: CIA Memorandum for the Secretary of Defense, Current Subject: Situation in Berlin, 30 June 1948

II-11: Memorandum for the President: Russian Directive Indicating Soviets Intend to Incorporate Berlin into the Soviet Zone, 30 June 1948

II-12: Information Report (IR): Russian Unilateral Dismissal and Appointment of Berlin Police Officials, 15 July 1948

II-13: CIA 7-48: Review of the World Situation, 14 July 1948

II-14: Memorandum for the President on the Situation in Berlin, 10 December 1948

II-15: Intelligence Report: Soviet Measures to Further Tighten the Sector Blockade in Berlin, 30 December 1948

II-16: Soviet Plans to Control the Western Sectors of Berlin, 6 January 1949

II-17: Information Report: SED Preparations for Illegal Work in Western Berlin, 7 March 1949

II-18: Information Report: Progress of the SED Membership Purge, 7 March 1949

II-19: CIA 5-49: Review of the World Situation As It Relates to the Security of the United States, 17 May 1949

III: June 1953

III-1: NIE 81: Probable Soviet Courses of Action with Respect to Germany through Mid-1954, 22 May 1953

III-2: SE 47: Probable Effect of Recent Developments in Eastern Germany on Soviet Policy with Respect to Germany, 24 July 1953

III-3: Comment on the East Berlin Uprising, 17 June 1953

III-4: Closing of Berlin Borders, 18 June 1953

IV: Alltagsgeschichte: Day to Day in the Intelligence War

IV-1: Current Intelligence Summary: The Soviet Establishment in Karlshorst Compound in East Berlin, 7 May 1959

IV-2: KGB in East Germany, April 1970

IV-3: Soviet Intelligence and Security: Lt. Gen. E. I. Pitovranov, 23 July 1958

IV-4: Activities of General Ivan A. Serov in Poland, 8 November 1958

IV-5: IR: Organization of the Soviet Intelligence Organs, 24 February 1955

IV-6: HVA Meeting Chaired by [Markus] Wolf, 2 February 1953

IV-7: HVA Meeting [Sondersitzung] chaired by [Markus] Wolf, 7 March 1953

IV-8: Pictures of Mischa Wolf, 9 April 1959

IV-9: IR: Markus Johannes Wolf, 11 October 1973

IV-10: IR: The Supply and Distribution of Foodstuffs, 3 December 1952

IV-11: IR: 1. SED Proposal of Restrictions on Escape from East Germany/2. Plants Guards, 5 December 1952

IV-12: IR: Establishment of Farm Cooperatives, 10 December 1952

IV-13: IR: SED Directives on Refugees . . ., 4 March 1953

IV-14: Memorandum to the DDI: Soviet Interference with Berlin Rail Access, 24 November 1956

V: The Berlin Tunnel

V-1: Field Project Outline, 16 September 1953

V-2: Memorandum for COM Frankfurt from COB Berlin: Progress Report—28 August through 17 October 1954

V-3: Memorandum for the Record, 29 November 1954

V-4: Clandestine Services History Program (CSHP) History: Soviet Discovery of the Berlin Tunnel, Appendix A, 15 August 1956)

V-5: CSHP History: Soviet Discovery of the Berlin Tunnel, (Tape Transcript), Undated

V-6: CSHP History of the Berlin Tunnel, “G. Berlin Tunnel,” Undated

V-7: CSHP History of the Berlin Tunnel, “V. Production” [from the Berlin Tunnel Operation], Undated

V-8: CSHP History of the Berlin Tunnel, Appendix B: Recapitulation of the Intelligence Derived, Undated

VI: The Berlin Crisis

VI-1: Current Intelligence Weekly Summary (CIWS): USSR Threatens Western Position in Berlin, 13 November 1958

VI-2: CIWS: Internal Situation in East Germany, 11 December 1958

VI-3: SNIE 100-13-58: Soviet Objectives in the Berlin Crisis, 23 December 1958

VI-4: CIWS: The Berlin Situation, 15 January 1959

VI-5: Cable: Current Status Report Soviet Compound Karlshorst . . ., 16 January 1959

VI-6: Cable: Current Status Report Soviet Intelligence Services East Germany, 21 January 1959

VI-7: Cable: B[e]rl[i]n Sitrep, 11 February 1959

VI-8: CIWS: Communist Tactics Against West Berlin, 5 February 1959

VI-9: CIWS: Flight of Refugees From East Germany, 12 February 1959

VI-10: SNIE 100-2-59: Probable Soviet Courses of Action Regarding Berlin and Germany, 24 February 1958

VI-11: CIWS: USSR Prepares to Vacate East Berlin, 5 March 1959

VI-12: CIA Memorandum: Soviet and Other Reactions to Various Courses of Action in the Berlin Crisis, 27 March 1959

VI-13: IR: Soviet Officials’ Comments on the Berlin Situation, 6 April 1959

VI-14: CIWS: The Problem of Western Access to Berlin, 30 April 1959

VI-15: CIWS: Foreign Ministers’ Talks, 21 May 1959

VI-16: SNIE 100-7-59: Soviet Tactics on Berlin, 11 June 1959

VI-17: Memorandum: US Negotiating Position on Berlin, 1959-62, 13 July 1959

VI-18: CIWS: East German Pressure for Access Control Appears Suspended, 27 August 1959

VI-19: SNIE 100-5-60: The Soviet Attitude and Tactics on the Berlin Problem, 22 March 1960

VI-20: CIWS: Khrushchev’s Strategy on Berlin, 18 August 1960

VII: The Wall

VII-1: Memorandum for the DDI: Subject: The Berlin Situation, 1 November 1957

VII-2: CIWS: East Germany May Move Against Berlin Sector “Border Crossers,” 28 May 1959

VII-3: CIWS: Soviet Policy on Berlin and Germany, 11 May 1961

VII-4: SNIE 2-61: Soviet and Other Reactions to Various Courses of Action Regarding Berlin, 13 June 1961

VII-5: Oleg Penkovskiy: Meeting No. 23, 28 July 1961

VII-6: CIWS: Berlin, 17 August 1961

VII-7: SNIE 11-10-61: Soviet Tactics in the Berlin Crisis, 24 August 1961

VII-8: CIWS: Berlin, 24 August 1961

VII-9: CIWS: Berlin, 7 September 1961

VII-10: Memorandum for Washington on Berlin, 14 September 1961

VII-11: Penkovskiy, Meeting No. 31, 22 September 1961, paras. 17-25

VII-12: Memorandum for the Record: Subject: Conversation with Mr. Helms Re [redacted] Report on Large-Scale Soviet Military Preparations, 26 September 1961

VII-13: SNIE 11-10/1-61: Soviet Tactics on the Berlin Crisis, 5 October 1961

VII-14: Dispatch: Berlin Since 13 August, 6 November 1961

VII-15: Memorandum for the DCI: Subject: Survivability of West Berlin in the Event of a Soviet Blockade in response to the Blockade of Cuba, 23 October 1962

The editor of this volume has been given free access to official documents. He alone is responsible for the statements made and the views expressed.

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