[conservative in nyc]

There definitely were Muslims among the slaves, although the percentage of slaves that were Muslim is subject to dispute. Most came from modern-day Senegal and the Gambia (called Senegambia). According to this site, one other historian, Philip Curtin, estimates that 15% of slaves were Muslims. I came upon other estimates while doing research about Ellison's swearing-in.

I can't independently corroborate that John Randolph was a Muslim. This is the first I've heard of that.

[Cicero]

Interesting sources, although regretably you can hardly trust academic historians these days. I don't know how to evaluate it without any direct expertise in this field myself.

And I suppose I should retract the categorical statement that Muslims are not supposed to enslave other Muslims, because they also aren't supposed to kill other Muslims, either, yet they do so constantly.

[Verginius Rufus]

There were also Catholics among the Africans brought to America as slaves, from the kingdom of Kongo (roughly NW Angola), where the Portuguese had brought Christianity. There was an article in the American Historical Review some years back which argued that religion was a factor in the Stono Rebellion of 1739 in South Carolina, that the slaves involved were aware of and hoping to reach Florida, then under Catholic Spain.