All available evidence points to the brain as the seat of consciousness; therefore the burden of proof rests with those who believe that consciousness can somehow exist without brain activity.
A breathless world await your evidence.
Really and truly no one knows. For all we know there's an underlying electronic network of some sort, or maybe something even more basic than that.
The brain does seem to be an input/output device of somesort, but so, too, is the slave circuit that drives the screen on my CRT.
It might be noted that creatures can exhibit behavior without any nervous system at all. Plants can do this. Microbes also. Behavior is taken to be a sign of consciousness, if not self-consciousness.